1904-4. Halle was not spared. Reinhard Heydrich. Conditions in Prague and the rest of the Czech lands were relatively peaceful under Heydrich, and industrial output increased. [155][156][157], Heydrich's replacements were Ernst Kaltenbrunner as the chief of RSHA,[139] and Karl Hermann Frank (2728 May 1942) and Kurt Daluege (28 May 1942 14 October 1943) as the new acting Reichsprotektors. Heydrich masterminded the fake Polish attack on the Gleiwitz radio transmitter that provided Hitler with a pretext for invading Poland on September 1, 1939. In Prague, the day before the attack that led to his death, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lina_Heydrich&oldid=1137596810, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2015, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 14:04. Highly-rated NFL prospect Will Levis puts MAYO in his coffee and eats overripe bananas with the skin ON, PICTURED: Glamorous trader's wife, 32, who blames the ROAD for her 100MPH fatal DWI crash into man who was catapulted 30ft by her Porsche as he walked with his OK Cupid date, 'I'm going to hit the roof with excitement! Heydrich sent a telegram that night to various SD and Gestapo offices, helping to coordinate the pogrom with the SS, SD, Gestapo, uniformed police (Orpo), SA, Nazi party officials, and even the fire departments. Also, in February 1942, the work day was increased from eight to twelve hours. A translation of the text is available at, This description of the meeting was employed by Holocaust historian, Reinhard Heydrich funeral, German newsreel, Reinhard Heydrich funeral in Prague & Berlin, Resistance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Central Leadership of Home Resistance (stedn veden odboje domcho, VOD), Excerpt from a speech by Reinhard Heydrich in 1941, List of rulers of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. He combined repressive measures and mass executions with an attempt to mollify Czech peasants and workers by improving social and economic conditions. The junction in the Prague suburb of Libe was well suited for the attack because motorists have to slow for a hairpin bend. [13] The family lived there until April 1945 when they, along with many other Germans left the area to flee the advancing Soviet Red Army. The comments below have been moderated in advance. [10] He engaged his younger brother, Heinz, in mock fencing duels. They began with Bavaria. In 1939 Heydrich became head of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Reich Security Central Office), which was in charge of all security and secret police in the Third Reich. [74] This action was to be coordinated among the representatives from the Nazi state agencies present at the meeting. Ralph Talks Tacopina Tearing Into E. Jean Carrolls Case WebThe assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, who was the commander of the German Reich Security Main Office (RSHA), the acting governor of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and a principal architect of the Holocaust, [1] was a coordinated operation by the Czechoslovak resistance during World War II. [55], Beginning in April 1934, and at Hitler's request, Heydrich and Himmler began building a dossier on Sturmabteilung (SA) leader Ernst Rhm in an effort to remove him as a rival for party leadership. Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (/hadrk/ HEYE-drik; German: [anhat tstan n had] (listen); 7 March 1904 4 June 1942) was a high-ranking German SS and police official during the Nazi era and a principal architect of the Holocaust. Heydrich Heydrich started his rule by terrorising the population: he proclaimed martial law, and 142 people were executed within five days of his arrival in Prague. In response, Hitler authorised the destruction of the towns Lidice and Lezaky - including the killing of all the men and transporting of women and children to concentration camps. During his 11 years with the SS Heydrich "rose from the ranks" and was appointed to every rank from private to full general. [100] The black market was suppressed. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Heydrich masterminded the plan and toured the site, which was about four miles (6km) from the Polish border. [48] He insisted that the rumours were baseless. He suffered major injuries to his diaphragm, spleen, and one lung, as well as a broken rib. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. We had to deal with expelling immigrants and traitors. Himmler was so impressed that he hired Heydrich immediately. Heinrich Mller was the Gestapo's operations chief. In the WVHA "Central Inmate File", as in many camp files, these prisoners would be given a special "covert prisoner" code, as opposed to the code for POW, Felon, Jew, Gypsy, etc. When Gring transferred full authority over the Gestapo to Himmler in April 1934, it immediately became an instrument of terror under the SS's purview. The government had previously declined to pay because of Heydrich's role in the Holocaust. Lina Mathilde Manninen (ne von Osten, formerly Heydrich; 14 June 1911 14 August 1985) was the wife of Reinhard Heydrich, head of the Reich Security Main Office and a central figure in Nazi Germany. Heydrich was instrumental in the Nisko and Lublin plans to confine Jews to limited districts set up to contain them and in the proposed deportation of all European Jews to the island of Madagascar, a plan that was never implemented. Almost all avenues by which Czechs could express the Czech culture in public were closed. Many of Heydrich's fellow cadets falsely regarded him as Jewish. [137] Although Heydrich's death was employed for pro-Reich propaganda, Hitler privately blamed Heydrich for his own death, through carelessness: Since it is opportunity which makes not only the thief but also the assassin, such heroic gestures as driving in an open, unarmoured vehicle or walking about the streets unguarded are just damned stupidity, which serves the Fatherland not one whit. Rudolf Diels WebAnswer (1 of 5): From what I can recall of Heydrichs biography that I read, one of his young sons, Klaus, died during the war, as a result of a traffic accident in 1943. [6] Lina ignored this message, packed Reinhard's suitcase, and sent him to Munich. [46] Gercke reported that Heydrich was "of German origin and free from any coloured and Jewish blood". Play it now! Both Heydrich and Heydrich's firstborn son, Klaus, died within the year. On the afternoon of Tuesday, January 20, 1942, Chief of Security Police and the SD, Reinhard Heydrich, telephoned his superior, Reichsfhrer-SS Heinrich Himmler.He had much to tell him. She kept several dozen prisoners at the estate for forced labour. [119] The officers attending also discussed taking 5,000 Jews from Prague "in the next few weeks" and handing them over to the Einsatzgruppen commanders Arthur Nebe and Otto Rasch. She was entitled to a substantial pension because her husband was a German Police general killed in action. By the late 1930s, the duties of Reinhard Heydrich led him to work long hours and often be away from home. [2][3], On 6 December 1930, aged 19, she attended a rowing-club ball in Kiel and met then Naval Lieutenant Heydrich there. [79] The Great Purge of the Red Army followed on Stalin's orders. Reinhard Heydrich nel 1940.. L'ideologia delle SS fu costruita e plasmata in base all'ideologia nazista: il punto focale fu la teoria della razza nordica superiore e dell'inferiorit delle altre razze. The views expressed in the contents above are those of our users and do not necessarily reflect the views of MailOnline. [84] For each prisoner, the SD had to fill in a questionnaire that listed personal information, country of origin, and the details of their crimes against the Reich. [56] At Hitler's direction, Heydrich, Himmler, Gring, and Viktor Lutze drew up lists of those who should be killed, starting with seven top SA officials and including many more. 1 Miembro de la Schutzstaffel, obtuvo el rango de SS-Oberfhrer, y fue un protegido personal de Hermann Gring. He was shy, insecure, and was frequently bullied for his high-pitched voice and rumoured Jewish ancestry. [69] In February 1938 when the Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg resisted Hitler's proposed merger with Germany, Heydrich intensified the pressure on Austria by organising Nazi demonstrations and distributing propaganda in Vienna emphasising the common Germanic blood of the two countries. Generl v srdci neptele s cenou t diviz", "SOE a pprava atenttu na Reinharda Heydricha", "The Path to the Mass Murder of European Jews, part 2. He received good evaluations from his superiors and had few problems with other crewmen. [27] Admiral Erich Raeder dismissed Heydrich from the navy in April. [45], In 1932, rumours were spread by Heydrich's enemies of his alleged Jewish ancestry. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [66][67] For his part in the games' success, Heydrich was awarded the Deutsches Olympiaehrenzeichen or German Olympic Games Decoration (First Class). He avoided capture and returned to Berlin after being rescued by a patrol. Despite a fever, Heydrich's recovery appeared to progress well. Reinhard Heydrich, in full Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich, byname The Hangman, German Der Henker, (born March 7, 1904, Halle, Germanydied June 4, 1942, Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now in Czech Republic]), Nazi German official who was Heinrich Himmler s chief lieutenant in the Schutzstaffel (Protective [89], On 27 September 1941, Heydrich was appointed Deputy Reich Protector of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (the part of Czechoslovakia incorporated into the Reich on 15 March 1939) and assumed control of the territory. The Gestapo Law, passed in 1936, gave police the right to act extra-legally. WebTIL legend states that Reinhard Heydrich, high ranking Nazi, is said to have worn the Bohemian crown while overseeing occupied Czechoslovakia, an act which if done by a usurper is said to mean certain death within a year. Acting on the advice of his associate Karl von Eberstein, a friend of the Heydrich family, Himmler agreed to interview Heydrich, but cancelled their appointment at the last minute. He led a brutal regime against the people, executing and arresting thousands and sending many to Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp. For other people with the surname, see, Acting Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia. Heider Heydrich, now 76, made an offer to the Panenske Brezany municipality to 'find finances' for the reconstruction of the chateau where he also lived. The second of three children, his father Bruno was a singer and minor composer, and his mother Elizabeth came from a [39] At first he had to share an office and typewriter with a colleague, but by 1932 Heydrich was earning 290 Reichsmarks a month (equivalent to 1,191 in 2021), a salary he described as "comfortable". [118], On 10 October 1941, Heydrich was the senior officer at a "Final Solution" meeting of the RSHA[d] in Prague that discussed deporting 50,000 Jews from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia to ghettos in Minsk and Riga. The Reich Protector, Konstantin von Neurath, remained the territory's titular head, but was sent on "leave" because Hitler, Himmler, and Heydrich felt his "soft approach" to the Czechs had promoted anti-German sentiment and encouraged anti-German resistance via strikes and sabotage. She further won the right to receive a pension as the result of a series of court cases against the West German government in 1956 and 1959. [70] In the Anschluss on 12 March, Hitler declared the unification of Austria with Nazi Germany. [5][6][7] Hitler called him "the man with the iron heart". Architect of Terror: Heinrich Himmler Stalin ordered one of his best NKVD agents, General Nikolai Skoblin, to pass Heydrich false information suggesting that Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky and other Soviet generals were plotting against Stalin. Heydrich's family held social standing and substantial financial means. [49], In 1933, Hitler became Chancellor of Germany, and through a series of decrees[50] became Germany's Fhrer und Reichskanzler (leader and chancellor). Heydrich was chief of the Reich Security Main Office (including the Gestapo, Kripo, and SD). Heydrich played a role in the 1938 purge of the German army high command and planted false information that led to a similar purge by Stalin of the Red Army. Heydrichs father, who directed a musical conservatory and sang Wagnerian roles in the opera, exposed his son to the cult of Richard Wagner, and his mother was a stern disciplinarian; the family was falsely suspected of partial Jewish ancestry. Heinze was born the following year on September 29, 1905. Their father, Bruno Heydrich was a composer and opera singer. [160] His service record also gives him credit as a Navy Reserve Lieutenant, but in 1931 he was dismissed for conduct unbecoming an officer with loss of rank, and during World War II he had no contact with the Navy Reserve. detested Nazi leader sparks outrage after announcing [46], In mid-1932, Himmler appointed Heydrich chief of the renamed security servicethe Sicherheitsdienst (SD). Gregor Strasser passed the allegations on to the Nazi Party's racial expert, Achim Gercke, who investigated Heydrich's genealogy. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [140], Heydrich's widow Lina won the right to a pension following a series of court cases against the West German government in 1956 and 1959. [42], In January 1937, Heydrich directed the SD to secretly begin collecting and analysing public opinion and report back its findings. He spoke highly of the movement to Lina and she attended a Party rally in 1929 where Adolf Hitler spoke. In 1976, she published a memoir, Leben mit einem Kriegsverbrecher (Life with a War Criminal). Hitler's personal doctor Theodor Morell suggested the use of the new antibacterial drug sulfonamide, but Gebhardt thought that Heydrich would recover and declined the suggestion. The following year, Heydrich's SD was given responsibility for carrying out the Nacht und Nebel (Night-and-Fog) decree. WebLina Heydrich gave birth to two sons, Klaus (born 17 June 1933) and Heider (born 23 December 1934). They became romantically involved and soon announced their engagement. top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich opened in Lutze was appointed SA's new head and it was converted into a sports and training organisation. Heydrich ordered his driver, Klein, to halt and attempted to confront Gabk rather than speed away. On 30 June 1934 the SS and Gestapo acted in coordinated mass arrests that continued for two days. [40] As his power and influence grew throughout the 1930s, his wealth grew commensurately; in 1935 he received a base salary of 8,400 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 38,766 in 2021) and an allowance of 12,000 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 55,379 in 2021) and by 1938 his income increased to 17,371 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 77,580 in 2021), annually. Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich
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