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/Kids [17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R] /Subtype /Link >> << Fanatical remnants of the Croatian Ustaa remained in Croatia until the end of April 1945, when they were captured or driven across the border into German-occupied Slovenia and Austria by Yugoslav Communist-led partisans. Commander Fuqua displayed true courage under fire. [16], According to Article 17 of the Tarnovo Constitution, treaties had to be ratified by the National Assembly. Mussolini reluctantly consented. Slovakia was both politically and economically dependent on Germany for its existence as a sovereign state. /Resources 152 0 R /Border [0 0 0] words that change meaning depending on the ar, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Discrete Questions Psych/Soc. >> >> Japan and the Tripartite Pact /Contents [140 0 R 141 0 R 142 0 R 143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R Bulgaria joined the Axis on March 1, 1941. B) put most of Poland under German control. They also did not want to antagonize Yugoslavia, which was nominally an ally of Greece. >> 116 0 obj In other words, this was, on paper, a defensive alliance designed to check American power. Chiefly, it committed the powers to co-operation in matters of commerce, intelligence and communication. /MediaBox [0 0 493.228 700.157] ARTICLE 6. ARTICLE 3. /Parent 5 0 R /Rect [120.926 549.297 130.507 558.822] >> those outside the Western and Eastern blocs that had yet to Romanian troops fought alongside Soviet troops for the remainder of the war. 129 0 obj >> A) Poland. /Title E) gave American merchant ships the authority to fire on German submarines. /Type /Page /Kids [10 0 R 11 0 R] [10], On 14 March 1939, the Slovak Republic was declared in the midst of the dismemberment of Czechoslovakia. << 26 0 obj Tripartite Pact - Wikipedia This lesson held well into 1945. << << However, On June 26, 1941, four days after the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, Finland entered the war against the USSR as a co-belligerent. The Finns sought to regain territory lost during the 1939. In the late 1930s, each of the three powers that would form the Axis alliance launched campaigns of territorial expansion that alienated most of the worlds other major powers. endobj endobj endobj In the Pact, Japan recognized the leadership of Germany and Italy in the establishment of a new order in Europe. In return, Germany and Italy recognized Japans right to establish a new order in greater East Asia.. /D [32 0 R /FitR 46 517 460 503] Germany, Italy and Hungary responded by invading Yugoslavia. other governments formally declared that they would work together to defeat the Axis powers. endobj Ribbentrops aide, Heinrich Stahmer (later the Third Reichs ambassador to Japan), was dispatched to Japan. 130 0 obj /Count 17 /Rect [408.359 276.094 411.817 285.846] following month it signed the Tripartite (Axis) Pact in which Germany, Italy, and Japan pledged aid to each other should any be attacked by a power not at present involved in the Pacific War (i.e., the United States). But this act of defiance only stoked American indignation. In November, Roosevelt. >> Slovakia had signed a "Protection Treaty" with Germany, which, however, refused to intervene. /Names [ 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R Unsurprisingly, both US << /Rotate 0 /D [21 0 R /FitR 35 210 448 183] stream /MediaBox [0 0 493.228 700.157] /D [29 0 R /FitR 35 160 448 133] The resulting Italo-German client state, known as the Independent State of Croatia, joined the pact on 15 June 1941. what is the last period of greek art that also refers to the spread of greek culture. endobj The official record in the DNB, therefore, corrected his words to remove any reference to "accession" by other states but produced an awkward wording in the process. Roosevelt also increased support for Chiang, whose 1939-40 winter offensive instilled a stark realization in Japanese ruling circles that Nationalist Chinas defeat was hardly a foregone conclusion. [29] However the Pact did prove useful in persuading the American people that Japan was acting in league with Germany. 68 0 obj On September 27, 1940, they signed the Tripartite Pact. << The Beginnings On August 23, 1939, the German foreign ministers plane landed in Moscow. /MediaBox [0 0 493.228 700.157] >> , develop industrial economies. << 61 0 obj /Rotate 0 >> Journal of Contemporary History is an international forum for the analysis and discussion of 20th century history: the people, periods, places and critical issues. Germany and Japan conducted separate naval discussions, and Italy consulted the Japanese independently for its planned assault on Malta in 1942. The present accord is effective immediately on its signature and remains in force for the duration of the Tripartite Pact, signed Sept. 27, 1940. /D [27 0 R /FitR 35 130 448 103] Later that day, Ribbentrop promised Filov that after the fall of Greece, Bulgaria would obtain an Aegean coastline between the Struma and Maritsa Rivers. 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R endobj E) was signed with wide international acclaim. /Subtype /Link /Resources 171 0 R endobj /Contents [202 0 R 203 0 R 204 0 R] Finland joined Operation Barbarossa on 25 June 1941, which started the Continuation War. /CreationDate (D:20220711093144+05'30') endobj Following Hitlers suicide on April 30, 1945, Nazi Germany surrendered unconditionally to the Allies on May 89. Whats missing? endobj Therefore any other State which wishes to accede to this bloc (der diesem Block beitreten will), with the intention of contributing to the restoration of peaceful conditions, will be sincerely and gratefully made welcome and will participate in the economic and political reorganisation. Regardless of the outcome of these conversations, all preparations for the East previously ordered orally are to be continued. 63 0 obj >> 14 0 obj B) France. 40 0 obj << WebThese were the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, concluded in 1902, the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, signed in 1940 before the outbreak of the Pacific War, and the Japan-U.S. Alliance, which was signed after World War Two and is still in effect today. WebThe Tripartite Pact, also called the Three-Power Pact, Axis Pact, Three-way Pact, or Tripartite Treaty was a pact signed in Berlin, Germany, on September 27, 1940, which These three countries recognized German and Italian dominance in continental Europe, as well as Japanese domination over East Asia. 24 0 obj 142 0 obj endobj Nevertheless, they pledged mutual military and political support. Each of Germanys six European Axis allies participated in the Holocaust by murdering Jews or by transferring them to German custody to be murdered. D) Norway. world war two - Articles 3 & 5 of the Tripartite Pact are WebTripartite Pact World History (noun) A defensive military alliance between Germany, Japan and Italy signed in Berlin on 27 September 1940. 100 0 obj endobj /Contents [253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R] [13], The meeting with Hitler precipitated a visit to Bulgaria by the Soviet diplomat Arkady Sobolev on 25 November. The Kingdom of Romania had joined the Allied Powers in World War I and had received Transylvania from Austria-Hungary. In turn, Hungary's accession had been delayed until Romania's had been negotiated. /Contents [168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R] << endstream endobj 23) The Munich agreement of 1938 On September 19, 1944, Finland signed an armistice with the Soviet Union. As common ground, anti-communism and anti-Soviet fervor did not prove as stable as expected. However, the Germans had no intention of allowing the Soviets to join the pact and were already making preparations for their invasion of the Soviet Union and were committed to doing so regardless of any action taken by the Soviets: Political conversations designed to clarify the attitude of Russia in the immediate future have been started. Germany granted a Romanian request to send troops to guard the Ploieti oil fields, and Hungary granted a German request to allow its troops to transit Hungary to get to Romania. << 76 0 obj /Rotate 0 After Germany and Italy awarded parts of Transylvania back to Hungary and southern Dobruja back to Bulgaria and after the Soviet Union had taken Bessarabia, the Fascist Iron Guard party came to power and Romania joined the Tripartite Pact on November 23, 1940. This was due to the Romanian desire for protection against the Soviet Union. It began its first two-month course for German officers and NCOs in December 1941. /D [26 0 R /FitR 46 200 460 173] The tripartite pact was a defensive alliance among a Since it functioned as an ally of Nazi Germany, Finland is sometimes incorrectly referred to as one of the Axis powers. 50 0 obj The assault quickly plunged the United States into a world-changing war. /D [32 0 R /FitR 46 140 460 113] endobj The Tripartite Pact was, together with the Anti-Comintern Pact and the Pact of Steel, one of a number of agreements between Germany, Japan, Italy, and other countries of the Axis Powers governing their relationship. Hungary never surrendered. The pact was ratified by a vote of 140 to 20. << << The Pact provided for mutual assistance should any of the signatories suffer attack by any nation not already involved in the war. A) stated that an attack on one nation was an attack on all nations. << Hungarys leaders were also eager for preferential economic treatment from Nazi Germany. Receiving no response, Japan approached Italy. application/pdf >> Greeces success in repulsing Italian forces allowed its ally, Great Britain, to establish a foothold on the European continent. >> Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. 110 0 obj << << >> /Type /Page << In due time, before the expiration of said term, the High Contracting Parties shall, at the request of any one of them, enter into negotiations for its renewal. << For each of the following sentences, write the correct past or past participle form of the given italicized verb. /Parent 5 0 R << the importation of slaves to the united states was outlawed over 50 years before the civil war. 11 0 obj 1940 mutual defense treaty between the Axis Powers of World War II, Signing of the Tripartite Pact. /Count 7 106 0 obj >> << 108 0 obj /D [25 0 R /FitR 35 140 448 113] endobj /D [19 0 R /FitR 35 120 448 93] endobj << List of military alliances >> /Resources 182 0 R With no possibility of resisting Germany militarily, Prime Minister Bogdan Filov signed Bulgaria's accession to the pact in Vienna on 1 March 1941. additional governments joined their alliance before the end of the war. Although Abe stayed in office for even less time than Hiranuma, Japanese political and military elites during the fall of 1939 drew a vital lesson from what had happened that summer: rely on diplomacy with Stalin and avoid war with the Red Army. << >> /CropBox [0 0 493.228 700.157] endobj Five other European states joined the Axis alliance during World War II. >> /D [31 0 R /FitR 35 70 448 43] << TTY: 202.488.0406. >> [26], On 18 January 1942, the German and Italian governments signed two secret operational agreements: one with the Imperial Japanese Army and another with the Imperial Japanese Navy. Join us for the concluding event of our 80th Anniversary of Pearl Harbor programming, a discussion that covers a sweeping history of Americas long and fateful military relationship with the Philippines amid a century of Pacific warfare. >> /Rect [132.094 47.055 256.479 54.028] On October 25, 1936, Germany and Italy entered into a treaty of friendship in which they pledged to pursue a common foreign policy. >> 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW endobj << Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. /D [25 0 R /FitR 35 435 448 421] 92 0 obj Japan, Germany, and Italy agree to cooperate in their efforts on aforesaid lines. [11], Shortly after the signing of the Tripartite Pact, Slovakia, following the Hungarian lead, sent messages of "spiritual adherence" to Germany and Italy. In March 1944, Germany forced Hungary to accept occupationby German forces. endobj A) Hitler argued in favor of extending German territory for the purpose of 6 0 obj /Type /Page [2] Its practical effects were limited since the Italo-German and Japanese operational theatres were on opposite sides of the world, and the high contracting powers had disparate strategic interests. /D [21 0 R /FitR 35 170 448 143] 85 0 obj 5 0 obj On 15 December 1941, the first meeting of all three commissions in one capital, Berlin, took place, labelled a "Tripartite Pact Conference". 103 0 obj Italy, Germany and Japan undertake each for himself that none of the parties to the present accord will conclude either armistice or peace, be it with the United States or with England without complete and reciprocal agreement [of the three signatories to this pact]. A panel discussion of historians from members of The Institute for the Study of War and Democracy in The National WWII Museums US Freedom Pavilion: The Boeing Center. As Germany gained ascendancy over much of Europe, many within Japan's foreign policy establishment began to fear that Berlin would seek to control French and Dutch colonies in East Asia. /D [27 0 R /FitR 35 558 448 530] >> They formally allied by signing the Declaration by United Nations on January 1, 1942. Signed at Berlin, September 27, 1940 /D [25 0 R /FitR 35 160 448 133] /Subtype /XML 77 0 obj A 10-year deal between the three, the Pact called for each country to offer military, political, and economic assistance if a endobj /Resources 215 0 R 126 0 obj /Dest 54 0 obj C) the Netherlands. In faith whereof, the undersigned duly authorized by their respective governments have signed this pact and have affixed hereto their signatures. This had to do with the firm support his obsequiousness, legendary even in the ranks of the Nazi Party, won from Hitler. 3 0 obj In this pact, the two countries pledged mutual assistance in combating the threat posed by the Communist International. << /D [31 0 R /FitR 35 80 448 53] /D [20 0 R /FitR 46 300 460 273] Since it functioned as an ally of Nazi Germany, Finland is sometimes incorrectly referred to as one of the Axis powers. They were ignored. << It was "intended as a propaganda accompaniment to the declaration of war".[26]. << /Next 129 0 R >> 45 0 obj /D [28 0 R /FitR 46 160 460 133] /D [30 0 R /FitR 46 110 460 83] /Annots [289 0 R 290 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R] /Nums [0 12 0 R] >> endobj All of Germanys European Axis allies participated to some degree in the persecution and murder of Jews during the Holocaust. endobj endobj Slovakian invasion: The long forgotten story of how Slovak troops helped Hitler defeat Poland. Slovakia remained in the Axis until the Soviets captured the capital, Bratislava, in early April 1945. << /Rotate 0 Whats included? 2nd Edition. /Subtype /Link >> It was also attended by some Hungarian officers. endobj the tripartite pact was a defensive alliance among select The Hungarian ambassador in Berlin, Dme Sztjay, telegraphed his foreign minister, Istvn Csky, immediately after news of the signing and of Ribbentrop's speech had reached him. Finland also wanted to maintain diplomatic relations with the Allies, particularly the United States. 101 0 obj Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov signing the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, with Joseph Stalin and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop behind him, August 23, 1939. >> It is probable that Romania's accession to the pact had been delayed until the German troops were in place for fear of the Soviets taking pre-emptive action to secure the oil fields for themselves. << endobj /D [22 0 R /FitR 46 649 460 620] /Rotate 0 [20], Just prior to the formation of the Tripartite Pact, the Soviet Union was informed of its existence and the potential of its joining. View the list of all donors. Italy, Germany and Japan, even after the victorious conclusion of this war, will collaborate closely in the spirit of the Tripartite Pact, concluded Sept. 21, 1940, in order to realize and establish an equitable new order in the world. Exam history.pdf - American (2020 Home Nonetheless, within a week, the Hungarian government had sent out formal notice of its "spiritual adherence" to the pact. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Current one is: September 27. 504-528-1944, Jenny Craig Institute for the Study of War and Democracy, Hitler and the Third Reichs ties with Japan, Pacific Fleet to be moved from San Diego to Pearl Harbor, Meet the Author "Bound By War: How the United States and the Philippines Built America's First Pacific Century", Pearl Harbor 80th Anniversary Commemorative Ceremony, Lunchbox Lecture: The Raid at Pearl Harbor, Lieutenant Commander Samuel G. Fuqua's Medal of Honor. Washington, DC 20024-2126 31 0 obj << /D [25 0 R /FitR 35 70 448 43] 26) The Neutrality Act of 1935 The Tripartite Pact, Three-Power Pact, Axis Pact, Three-Way Pact or Tripartite Treaty was signed in Berlin on 27 September 1940 by Saburo Kurusu, Adolf /Parent 11 0 R 16 0 obj /Type /Pages /Dest >> The present pact shall become valid immediately upon signature and shall remain in force ten years from the date on which it becomes effective. Despite the Pact of Steel, Italy at first remained neutral. /Length 10 /D [20 0 R /FitR 46 220 460 193] /MediaBox [0 0 493.228 700.157] << << endobj >> endobj /Parent 10 0 R endobj the Tripartite Pact /D [31 0 R /FitR 35 110 448 83] With pomp and circumstance, Hitler, Imperial Japans Ambassador to Germany, Sabur Kurusu (later a central figure in diplomatic talks between Japan and the United States prior to Pearl Harbor), and Count Galeazzo Ciano, Mussolinis son-in-law, gathered in Berlin. He announced that it was done partly in gratitude for Germany's assistance to Bulgaria in obtaining the Treaty of Craiova with Romania and that it would not affect Bulgaria's relations with Turkey or the Soviet Union. >> WebThe first Anglo-Japanese Alliance (, Nichi-Ei Dmei) was an alliance between Britain and Japan. endobj endobj 2 0 obj It did so because the Germans agreed to respect Yugoslav neutrality in the war against Greece and did not demand transit rights for Axis troops. 93 0 obj A) thought the United States should immediately declare war on Germany. /Type /Pages 44 0 obj endobj /D [25 0 R /FitR 35 441 448 412] 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R] endobj Britain, France, and the USSR presented the seemingly greatest obstacles to Japanese interests in East Asia and German intentions in Eastern Europe. Their aggression against other states left Germany, Italy, and Japan with few friends among the worlds countries. endobj The military commission in Berlin met only two or three times by 1943, and there were no trilateral naval talks at all. Japan would not grant economic concessions to Germany in 1941 for fear of them ruining its negotiations with the United States. 10 0 obj endobj The Independent State of Croatia joined the Axis on June 15, 1941. As part of the dismemberment of Yugoslavia, the Axis powers created a satellite state called the Independent State of Croatia. >> 9 0 obj Due primarily to the leadership of General Georgi Zhukov, this clash ended in disaster for Japan in August 1939, with more than 8,600 killed and more than 9,000 wounded. >> 24) The Munich Conference of 1938 was precipitated by a crisis over >> In response, Germany occupied Slovakia to suppress the revolt. endobj While strong isolationist sentiment had constrained President Franklin D. Roosevelts ability to do much about Japanese aggression in China (even after the sinking of the gunboat, USS Panay, and three Standard Oil tankers on the Yangtze River in December 1937), such constraints began to lessen in 1940, as Germany seemed poised to invade the United Kingdom and Japan moved into northern Indochina in the summer of 1940. The Non-Aggression Pact between Berlin and Moscow shocked much of the world, not least in Tokyo. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. E) Belgium. endobj E) was signed by Joseph Stalin despite misgivings about German intent. /Filter /FlateDecode After he became Foreign Minister in February 1938, Ribbentrop never missed an opportunity to ventriloquize his Fhrers imperialism. the Tripartite Pact endobj It was a defensive military alliance that was eventually joined by Hungary (20 November 1940), Romania (23 November 1940), Bulgaria (1 March 1941) and Yugoslavia (25 March 1941) as well as by the German client state of Slovakia (24 November 1940). >> [9], The Italian foreign minister, Ciano, was resolutely opposed to the idea of adding smaller states to the pact as late as 20 November 1940; he argued in his diary that they weakened the pact and were useless bits of diplomacy. WebThe Tripartite Pact was a defensive alliance among A. the United States, England, and Russia. 15 0 obj With a view to implementing the present pact, joint technical commissions, to be appointed by the respective Governments of Japan, Germany and Italy, will meet without delay. >> >> 48 0 obj [5], The Governments of Japan, Germany, and Italy consider it as the condition precedent of any lasting peace that all nations in the world be given each its own proper place, have decided to stand by and co-operate with one another in their efforts in Greater East Asia and the regions of Europe respectively wherein it is their prime purpose to establish and maintain a new order of things, calculated to promote the mutual prosperity and welfare of the peoples concerned. /Type /Page << endobj << Stahmer read the mood of Japanese policy-makers. 22 0 obj The Bulgarian Communist-led Fatherland Front seized power in a coup from the pro-Axis Bulgarian government. 150 0 R 151 0 R] stream << E) All these answers are correct. << Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. /D [30 0 R /FitR 46 130 460 103] << Soon after it was formed, Slovakia was involved in a war with neighboring Hungary. /D [28 0 R /FitR 46 100 460 73] /Next 319 0 R Accordingly, the Governments of Japan, Germany and Italy have agreed as follows:[6]. That same year, Roosevelt ordered the Pacific Fleet to be moved from San Diego to Pearl Harbor on Oahu in the US territory of the Hawaiian Islands, drastically extending the American defensive perimeter westward. >> The United States did not respond to this Tripartite Pact. << >> E) were strongly against any involvement by the United States in the war. It was this line of thinking which informed the decision to bind the Axis countries more closely together. The Japanese ambassador, Teiji Tsubokami, told the Thai foreign minister, Direk Jayanama, that Japan wanted only permission for its troops to pass through Thailand to attack the British in Malaya and Burma. The Italian answer was similar. World War II began on September 1, 1939, when Germany, Germany Pressures other European States to Join the Axis Powers, In July 1940, just weeks after the defeat of France, Hitler decided that Nazi Germany would. On September 27, 1940, the Axis powers are formed as Germany, Italy and Japan become allies with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in Berlin. 122 0 obj the tripartite pact was a defensive alliance among select one: a. the united states, england, and russia. D) was passed by Congress with recent acts of Nazi aggression in mind. Lebensraum . /Resources 288 0 R /Names 2 0 R It was run by Croats who belonged to the fascist Ustaa movement. /Title >> It established a defense alliance among the countries and was extremely intended to deter the US from entering the conflict. 141 0 obj TP W Article QiJ - JSTOR endobj [21] To demonstrate the benefits of partnership, the Soviet Union made large economic offerings to Germany.[21]. B) believed Japan was a greater threat to the United States than the war in Europe. /Rotate 0 In Marshal Ion Antonescu's affidavit read out at the IG Farben Trial (19471948), he stated that the agreement on entering the pact had been concluded before his visit to Berlin on 22 November 1940. 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R /Contents [263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 493.228 700.157] >> >> what were some major problems with u.s. policy toward the third world in the cold war? >> [15], Bulgaria's hand was finally forced by Germany's desire to intervene in the Italo-Greek War, which would require moving troops through Bulgaria. << >> [12], The Kingdom of Bulgaria had been an ally of Germany and on the losing side in World War I. 49 0 obj Fits and starts, that old idiom seems most useful for characterizing the course of German-Japanese relations following the 1936 Anti-Comintern Pact. AMM2c Durell Wade made the ultimate sacrifice manning his battlestation on USS Oklahomaduring the attack on Pearl Harbor. /Contents [243 0 R 244 0 R 245 0 R] >> awarded parts of Transylvania back to Hungary, had taken Bessarabia and northern Bukovina, Yugoslav accession to the Tripartite Pact, Military history of Finland during World War II, German declaration of war against the United States, "Martyrs and Scapegoats of the Nation? /Annots [216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R] << << endobj endobj endobj After the Soviets rejected its offer of an armistice, Bulgaria surrendered on September 8, 1944. bite Sharks ________ the whale but did not badly injure it. Military co-operation was chosen, and the Tripartite Pact was rejected. >> << endobj This pact formalized the alliance between the three countries, which subsequently were referred to as the Axis powers. >> True or False. /D [31 0 R /FitR 35 60 448 33] 41 0 obj << Tripartite. Tripartite Agreement of 1936, an international monetary agreement entered into by the United States, France, and Great Britain to stabilize their nations' currencies. Consequently, at the start of 1942, Germany and its allies found themselves fighting a world war. HWv+l;d2cOf>Yh X/['>'G[cc;{ot0r%,O1BK_9&q>BbC. /D [27 0 R /FitR 35 552 448 538] /Rotate 0 102 0 obj >> >> 19 0 obj 28) Germany began World War II in Europe by invading Poland shortly after C) prevented Americans from traveling on ships of warring nations. /Type /Page A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II. >> endobj >> << >> /D [22 0 R /FitR 46 170 460 143] << << /D [32 0 R /FitR 46 170 460 143] On May 22, 1939, Germany and Italy expanded their political alliance into a military one by signing the Pact of Friendship and Alliance. The war resulted in territorial gains by Hungary at Slovakia's expense. << After all, in an earlier treatment of Hitler and the Third Reichs ties with Japan, the United States hardly appeared. << /Parent 11 0 R