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Richard Hakluyt was the cousin and ward of another famous Richard Hakluyt, an attorney and early promoter of exploration, a person historians usually describe as "the elder." Mancall refers to him as "the lawyer." With the careful encourage-ment of the lawyer, Mancall's Hakluyt, conventionally known by historians Hakluyts conception or misconception of indigenous people plays a key role in this text. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. Richard Hakluyt was not an explorer nor a colonizer. In 1606 he appears as the chief promoter of the petition to James I for letters patent to colonise Virginia, which were granted on 10 April 1606. Hakluyt was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. [16] The attention that the book excited in Paris encouraged Hakluyt to prepare an English translation and publish it in London under the title A Notable Historie Containing Foure Voyages Made by Certayne French Captaynes unto Florida (1587). A note of some things to be prepared for the voyage which is set down rather to draw the takers of the voyage in hande to the present consideration then for any other reason for that diverse things require preparation long before the voyage, without which the voyage is maimed. The inter-European rivalry appears to be the main theme in this literature. But far from it: in 1584 Hakluyt prepared a 'Discourse on Western . [14], Hakluyt died on 23 November 1616, probably in London, and was buried on 26 November in Westminster Abbey;[5][27] by an error in the abbey register his burial is recorded under the year 1626. Kathleen Halecki possesses a B.A. In particular, he emphasizes that the economic challenges faced by Britain can be eliminated through colonial means. In 1584 he wrote the promotional piece known as Discourse of Western Planting to urge a reluctant Queen Elizabeth I to support English colonies and to convince rich businessmen to invest in them. Richard Hakluyt presented the work privately to the queen in 1584. Create your account. IvyPanda, 8 Apr. This can be interpreted to mean understanding the weaknesses and strengths of the colonized. But it is the Voyages that remains his memorial. Richard Hakluyt - Wikipedia The process transformed the diets, economies, and cultures of both continents. Hakluyt's Benefits of Colonization. English author, editor and translator (15531616), It has been suggested that the Hakluyts were originally, "Richard Hakluyt", 13 in pt. 808 certified writers online. New World Exploration and English Ambition - PBS This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. However, Hakluyt argues that this type of colonization is not acceptable, legal, or moral. That this action will be greatly for the increase, maintenance and safety of our Navy, and especially of great shipping which is the strength of our Realm, and for the supportation of all those occupations that depend upon the same. His interest in geography and travel had been aroused on a visit to the Middle Temple, one of the four English legal societies, while in his early teens. He thus embarked upon his career as a publicist and a counsellor for present and future national enterprises across the ocean. His policy, constantly expounded, was the exploration of temperate North America in conjunction with the search for the Northwest Passage, the establishment of Englands claim to possession based on the discovery of North America by John and Sebastian Cabot, and the foundation of a plantation to foster national trade and national well-being. The burial register merely states that Hakluyt was buried "in the Abbey" without giving an exact location, and there is no monument or gravestone: personal e-mail communication on 10 May 2007 with Miss Christine Reynolds, Assistant Keeper of Muniments, Westminster Abbey Library. "Hakluyt, Richard". Hakluyt was not blind to the profits arising from foreign trade. [10] In 1605 he secured the prospective living of Jamestown, the intended capital of the intended colony of Virginia. Grotius also argued that the seas should be freely navigable by all, which was useful since the England to Virginia route crossed seas which the Portuguese claimed. "[11] Entering Christ Church, Oxford,[12] in 1570 with financial support from the Skinners' Company,[10] "his exercises of duty first performed,"[11] he set out to read all the printed or written voyages and discoveries that he could find. An answer to the Bull of the Donation of all the west Indies granted to the kings of Spain by Pope Alexander the VI who was himself a Spaniard borne. Both nations appear to be in stiff competition for resources found in native America. Hakluyt's Promise - Google Books IvyPanda. For the full article, see Richard Hakluyt . That by these Colonies the Northwest passage to Cathay and China may easily quickly and perfectly be searched out as well by river and overland, as by sea, for proof whereof here are quoted and alleged diverse rare Testimonies out of the three volumes of voyages gathered by Ramusius and other grave authors. That this enterprise will be for the manifold employment of numbers of idle men, and for breeding of many sufficient, and for utterance of the great quantity of the commodities of our Realm. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by The queen granted Sir Walter Raleigh a charter in 1584 to begin to colonize, although she did not provide full financial support. Richard Hakluyt | Encyclopedia.com When Richard Hakluyt was forty years old, he sat one day in his study in London with a walrus tusk in his hands. His objective was to recommend the enterprise of establishing English plantations in the unsettled [by Europeans] region of North America, and thus gain the Queen's support for Raleigh's expedition. A person named Hugo Hakelute, who may have been an ancestor or relative of Richard Hakluyt, was elected Member of Parliament for the borough of Yatton in 1304 or 1305,[7] and between the 14th and 16th centuries five individuals surnamed "de Hackluit" or "Hackluit" were sheriffs of Herefordshire. The Names of the rich Towns lying along the sea coast on the north side from the equinoctial of the mainland of America under the kinge of Spaine. While at one point he petitioned for and received a grant to travel to America he did not, in the . Richard Hakluyt, Reasons for Colonization, 1585 The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. . "Richard Hakluyt contributed more to English letters, and has had more effect on English writing, than any other man who ever lived, with the possible exception of Shakespeare." For instance, the English people think that their worst enemy is Spain. . That speedy planting in diverse fit places is most necessary upon these lucky western discoveries for fear of the danger of being prevented by other nations which have the like intentions, with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. What special means may bring kinge Phillippe from his high Throne, and make him equal to the Princes his neighbours, wherewithal is showed his weakness in the west Indies. We utilize security vendors that protect and "[11] Hakluyt held on to his studentship at Christ Church between 1577 and 1586, although after 1583 he was no longer resident in Oxford. Richard Hakluyt, a remarkable clergyman-scholar-geographer who lies buried in Westminster Abby, deserves high rank among the indirect founding fathers of the United States. April 8, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. (Cambridge: 1877), 1-5. Hakluyt's Promise: An Elizabethan's Obsession for an English - JSTOR Hakluyt interested himself in the publication of the manuscript journal of Ren Goulaine de Laudonnire, L'histoire notable de la Floride situe s Indes Occidentales in Paris in 1586. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [10][19] In the following year, he was elected archdeacon of the Abbey. In his publications, Hakluyt mentioned such reasons for the English colonization of America as: Richard Hakluyt (1552?1616) was an English geographer and minister. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Motivation for European conquest of the New World He made a point of becoming acquainted with the most important sea captains, merchants, and sailors of England. Richard Hakluyt (/hklt, hklt, hklwt/;[1] 1553 23 November 1616) was an English writer. He carefully explores economic concerns and articulates a number of issues towards colonization. Works by Hakluyt in addition to those mentioned above included translations of Antonio Galvos Discoveries of the World (1601) and of Hernando de Sotos account of Florida, under the title Virginia Richly Valued, by the Description ofFlorida (1609). 10 Richard Hakluyt, ne third voyage . Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London, Eng. 2021. Richard Hakluyt of Oxford . As such, his version of colonization simply includes settling on the shores of a selected nation and exploiting any resources required by England. In this he also pleaded for the establishment of a lectureship in navigation. must. A man named Walter Hakelut was knighted in the 34th year of Edward I (1305) and later killed at the Battle of Bannockburn, and in 1349 Thomas Hakeluyt was chancellor of the diocese of Hereford. Catholicism had always justified Spanish conquest, and colonization always carried religious imperatives. Readers loved these accounts, and Hakluyt's work helped to promote interest in England's colonization, or settlement, of North America. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. When the colony was at last established in 1607, he supplied this benefice with its chaplain, Robert Hunt. English Deutsch Franais Espaol Portugus Italiano Romn Nederlands Latina Dansk Svenska Norsk Magyar Bahasa Indonesia Trke Suomi Latvian Lithuanian esk . The outbreak of war with Spain put an end to the effectiveness of overseas propaganda and the opportunity for further exploration, so he began work on a project that he had had in mind for some time. (2021, April 8). In this document, Hakluyt outlined particular points highlighting the benefits of colonization for the English people. The Hakluyt Society, which publishes scholarly editions of primary records of voyages and travels, was named after him in its 1846 formation. Records also show that a Thomas Hakeluytt was in the wardship of Henry VIII (reigned 15091547) and Edward VI (reigned 15471553). Overview of English Exploration | Encyclopedia.com English Geographer. Some of the gentlemen of her court wished to pursue opportunities to colonize, and Hakluyt wrote Discourse on Western Planting to encourage her to lend her support to men such as Sir Walter Raleigh. This will be made possible because England will easily secure raw materials and control strategic ports. Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London?died November 23, 1616, England), English geographer noted for his political influence, his voluminous writings, and his persistent promotion of Elizabethan overseas expansion, especially the colonization of North America. c. 1552-1616. [10], In the late 1590s Hakluyt became the client and personal chaplain of Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, Lord Burghley's son, who was to be Hakluyt's most fruitful patron. Between 1598 and 1600 appeared the final, reconstructed and greatly enlarged edition of The Principal Navigations, Voiages, Traffiques and Discoueries of the English Nation in three volumes. The Hakluyts believed that colonies were the answer to England's problems. In spirit, it was a continuation of Hakluyts own work, and the two editors probably became acquainted. She taught for history for fifteen years. As he writes in the Epistle Dedicatorie to The Principall Navigations, his cousin spoke to him of recent discoveries and of the new opportunities for trade and showed him certeine bookes of Cosmographie, with an universall Mappe. His imagination thus stirred, the schoolboy had thereupon resolved to prosecute that knowledge and kinde of literature at the university. Richard Hakluyt Makes the Case for English Colonization, 1584 | The Why European States Wanted to Colonize the World? pp. His utilitarian attitude and indifference against the Spanish population clearly depicts the rivalry and points out how England would gain a lot from their defeat. Richard Hakluyt Biography and Significance - Study.com Hence, religion is a careful strategy aimed at providing compassion and hope for the poor natives and the low-class English population while punishing the wicked through doctrinal or religious teachings. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. It will also propel the opening of new markets. Hakluyt gave public lectureshe is regarded as the first professor of modern geography at Oxfordand was the first to display. who was a lawyer and also an advocate of English colonization. He gave information to the newly formed East India Company and continued his interest in the North American colonizing project; he was one of the chief promoters of the petition to the crown for patents to colonize Virginia in 1606 and at one point contemplated a voyage to the colony. That the Queen of England title to all the west Indies, or at the least to as much as is from Florida to the Circle arctic, is more lawful and right then the Spaniards or any other Christian Princes. While in Oxford, Hakluyt worked with foremost geographers such as Abraham Ortelius and Gerardus Mercator. Discourse Concerning Western Planting - Wikipedia That all other English trades are grown beggerly or dangerous, especially in all the king of Spain his Dominions, where our men are driven to fling their Bibles and prayer Books into the sea, and to forswear and renounce their religion and conscience and consequently their obedience to her Majestie.